Key technologies and characteristics of high-speed motor rotors
2022-9-6
Professional high-speed motors are widely used in military and civilian applications. The research on high-speed motors in western countries is earlier, and enterprises and colleges in western countries have in-depth research on high-speed motors. The professional electromagnetic and electronic system laboratories in the United States , Mechatronics Center of Texas State University, Turbo Genset Company of the United Kingdom and Calnetix Company of the United States have all studied advanced high-speed motor products. Domestic research is relatively late, and there are certain research results. The following introduces the key technologies and characteristics of the first-class high-speed motor rotors at home and abroad.
1. The aspect ratio of the high-speed motor rotor
The high-speed motor has a high speed, and the resulting centrifugal force is relatively large. In order to reduce the centrifugal force applied to the rotor, the rotor diameter of the high-speed motor should be selected as small as possible. Therefore, the rotor of a high-speed motor generally has a larger aspect ratio. However, there must be enough space for permanent magnets inside the high-speed motor, so the length-to-diameter ratio cannot be increased without limit. In addition, considering the rigidity of the high-speed motor, the length-to-diameter ratio of the high-speed motor is a comprehensive consideration of electromagnetic and mechanical characteristics. The optimized value obtained below.
2. Selection of permanent magnet materials for high-speed motors
Permanent magnet materials for high-speed motors must have good magnetic properties and high magnetic flux density and large magnetic energy product. In addition, the maximum total temperature and thermal stability of permanent magnet materials must be large enough to meet the high speed of high-speed motors. Under the high temperature working environment. In addition, since the permanent magnet rotor needs to withstand the huge centrifugal force caused by the high speed, the mechanical performance is also a necessary factor to consider for the permanent magnet rotor of the high-speed motor.
3. Selection of the number of poles of the high-speed motor
The number of poles of the high-speed motor is 2 poles or 4 poles. The rotor of the 2-pole motor can adopt an integral structure to ensure that the rotor is isotropic in the radial direction, which is conducive to the dynamic balance of the rotor and reduces high-speed loss. Considering both electromagnetic and mechanical aspects, the 2-pole scheme has more advantages.
Research on high-speed motors is still at an immature stage in China, and domestic institutions are still in a relatively weak state of mastery of key technologies for high-speed motor rotors. However, domestic research institutions specialized in high-speed motors have begun to make breakthroughs in key technologies. With the advancement of science and technology, the key technologies and characteristics of high-speed motors will be deeply studied and applied.
